beneficial [,beni'fiSl] a. 有益的，有利的 【同】useful; helpful; advantageous 【例】Happiness is beneficial for the body, but it is grief that develops the powers of the mind. 愉快有益于身体，但发展思维能力的是悲伤。Fresh air is beneficial to our health. 新鲜空气有益于健康。It's a beneficial result to us. 对我们来说那是有利的结果。
bet [bet] vt. 1.以...打赌，与...打赌2.敢说，确信 vi. 打赌 n. 1.打赌2.赌金，赌注 【例】Let's make a bet on the next election. 我们就下次的选举打个赌吧。I bet it will rain tomorrow. 我相信明天一定会下雨。
betray [bi'trei] vt. 1.背叛，出卖 2.失信于, 辜负3.泄露(秘密等) 4.(非故意地)暴露，, 显露 【同】reveal; uncover; disclose 【例】When we fail our pride supports us, when we succeed, it betrays us. 失败时自尊地支撑着我们，成功时它使我们露出本来面目。He betrayed his country. 他背叛了他的国家。The smoke from cooking betrayed the presence of the enemy. 炊烟暴露了敌人的存在。
beware [bi'wEK] v. 谨防，当心 【同】be aware of; notice 【例】Beware of the fury of a patient man. 当心脾气好的人发火。Beware of what you do with this dangerous substance. 你处理这些危险品时，可要当心。
bewilder [bi'wildK] vt. 使迷惑，使难住 【同】confound; puzzle; confuse 【例】I am totally bewildered by the clues to the crossword puzzle. 这个纵横字谜的提示完全把我弄糊涂了。Big city traffic bewilders me. 大城市的交通使我晕头转向。
bias ['baiKs] n. 偏见，偏心，偏袒 vt. 使有偏见 【同】bent; preference; prejudice 【例】Our university has a bias in favor of the sciences. 我们的大学偏重理科。He has a bias against Japanese products. 他讨厌日本的产品。Her scientific bias showed itself in early childhood. 她在科学方面的倾向性在孩童时代就已显现出来。
biography [bai'OgrKfi] n. 传记 【例】He likes to read biographies of great men to promote himself. 他喜欢读伟人传记来提高自己。
biology [bai'OlKdZi] n. 生物学 【例】We have a biology lesson tomorrow. 明天我们有一节生物课。
blank [bl<Nk] a. 1.空白的，空着的 2.茫然的，无表情的 n.1.空白（处）2.空白表格 【例】Many blank spaces are still left in the suburbs. 郊区仍留有许多空地。His memory was completely blank on the subject. 关于这个题目，他已完全丧失记忆。Write your name in the blank. 在空白栏中写上你的名字。
blast [blA:st] n. 1.爆炸2.一阵（疾风等），一般（强烈的气流）vt. 炸，炸掉 【同】roar; boom; bang 【例】In one sense freedom is always in crisis, just as beauty as, and honor and truth —— all those things which man has made for himself as a garment against the ever-present blasts of the barbarian spirit. 正像美丽，名誉和真理一样，自由在某种意义上总是处于危机之中，──它们都是人类为了抵御阵阵永存的原始野性之狂风给自己制成的衣衫。A trumpeter sent out a warning blast. 号兵吹出告警的号声。Rock music blasted full from the parlor. 摇滚乐声震屋宇，从客厅传来。

bleak [bli:k] a. 1.没有希望的，凄凉 2.荒凉的 3.寒冷刺骨的 【同】barren; desolate; dreary 【例】The situation depicted by the author at the beginning of the passage is rather bleak. 作者在文章的开头描述了一付相当凄凉的画面。The weather in early December was bleak and unpleasant. 十二月初的天气又阴冷又难受。The future of this firm will be very bleak indeed if we keep losing money. 要是我们继续亏本的话，这家公司的前途会非常黯淡。
bleed [bli:d] vi. 出血，流血 vt. 勒索...的钱 【例】All the young soldiers are ready to bleed for the country. 所有的年轻战士都愿意为祖国洒热血。The boss tried to bleed his employees for every penny they had. 老板力图从雇工们身上榨取出每一分钱。His nose bleeds badly. 他的鼻子流血很多。My heart bleeds for her.我为她伤心。make sb. bleed 使某人忍痛出钱, 敲诈吝啬者的钱 bleed inwardly 极度伤痛, 忧愁, 伤心 bleed (sb.)white 花光或用尽(某人、某国的)金钱
使(某人)流尽鲜血 榨尽(某人的)血汗
blend [blend] v. （使）混合，（使）混杂 n.1.混合物2.混合，交融 【同】combine; mix; compound 【例】Those cottages blend well with the landscape. 那些农舍与周围的篱笆融为一体。The poem blends the separate ingredients into a unity. 这首诗把几个分开的部分融合为一体。
bloody ['blVdi] a. 1.[用于加强语气] 非常的，该死的，该受诅咒的2.血污的，流血 3.嗜杀的，残忍的 ad. [用于加强语气] 非常，很 vt. 使为血所污，血染 【例】Hundreds of soldiers died in this bloody battle. 成百上千的战士在这场血战中牺牲。
blunder ['blVndK] n. （因无知、粗心等造成的）错误 vi. 1.跌跌撞撞地走，慌乱地走 2.犯错误 【同】stupid mistake; error; lapse 【例】Is man one of God’s blunder or is God one of man’s blunders? 是人类是上帝的大错，还是上帝是人类的大错？ I've made an awful blunder. 我做了一件大错特错的事。The police blundered badly by arresting the wrong man. 警方抓错了人，犯了荒唐的大错。
blush [blVS] vi. /n. 脸红 【例】She blushed when he scolded her. 他责备她时，她脸红了。The student murmured the answer with a blush. 那个学生红着脸小声说出了答案。
boiler ['bOilK] n.锅炉；热水贮槽 【例】I happened to meet him in the boiler room. 我碰巧在锅炉房碰到他。
bolt [bKult] n. 1.螺栓2.（门或窗的）插销，闩 vt. 闰，栓住 vi. 冲出去，逃跑 【例】We need an eye bolt to fit this valve. 我们需要一个有眼螺栓来固定这个阀门。The frightened boy bolted all the doors and windows. 这个吓坏了的孩子闩上了所有的门窗。
bond [bOnd] n. 1.联结，联系2.粘结剂，粘合剂 3.公债，债券 4.契约，合同 v. （使）粘合，（使）结合 【同】attachment; tie; union 【例】An honest man’s word is as good as his bond. 诚实的人的话跟他的契约一样可靠。Common tastes form a bond between the two men. 共同的爱好使两人结交为朋友。
bonus ['bKunKs] n. 1.奖金，红利2.额外给予的东西The workers got a Christmas bonus. 工人得到圣诞节奖金。 The win on the pools was a real bonus. 赌博赢钱真是意外收获。We like our new house and it's a real bonus that there is a swimming pool nearby.我们很喜欢自己的新房子,加上附近有座游泳池,真是好上加好。

boom [bu:m] n. 1.（营业等的）激增，（经济等的）繁荣，迅速发展 2.隆隆声, 嗡嗡声 v. 1.激增，繁荣，迅速发展 2.发出隆隆声 【同】roar; increase; swell 【例】Business is booming. 商业正在迅速发展。wwenglish forum is booming. The oil market is enjoying a boom. 石油市场欣欣向荣。wwengish forum is enjoying a boom. It's a boom year this year. 今年是繁荣昌盛的一年。
booth [bu] n. 1.（隔开的）小房间，公用电话亭，岗亭2.售货棚，货摊 【例】There is a telephone booth near the cinema. 电影院附近有一个电话亭。toll booth 收费所
bough [bau] n.树枝 【例】The bough was loaded with fruit. 树枝上果实累累。saw off the bough on which one is standing [sitting] 锯断自己所站[坐]的大树枝; 自己害自己
bounce [bauns] vi. （使）弹起，（使）反弹，（使）颠跳 n. 弹，反弹 【例】The ball hit the wall and bounced off it. 球打在墙上又反弹回来。I bounced the baby on my knee. 我把婴儿放在膝上上下颠着。
boycott ['bOikOt] vt./n. （联合）抵制，拒绝参与 【同】avoid; strike; resist 【例】Athletes from several countries boycotted this Olympic Games. 有几国的运动员抵制奥林匹克运动会。They're boycotting the shop. 他们联合抵制那家商店。to boycott a meeting 拒绝出席会议.
brace [breis] vt. 1.使防备，使受锻炼 2.支住，撑牢3.使绷紧 n. 支架，托架 【同】support; uphold; encourage 【例】The struts are firmly braced. 那些支柱上得很牢固。Union members braced themselves for a confrontation with management. 工会成员做好了一切准备以对付管理阶层 brace up （To summon one's strength or endurance.）集中力量或打起精神 He braced his foot against the wall. 他把脚顶着墙站稳。Brace yourself for the shock! 振作起来面对坏消息！Brace yourself for a new challenge!振作起来,迎击新的挑战! a brace of ducks 一对鸭子 brace oneself for a task 鼓起勇气去做一件事 When braced, Jack naturally denied his identity. 当遇到拦路查问时, 杰克自然地否认了他的身分。The police braced him on the charge. 警察当局就这项控告对他严加盘问。
bracket ['br<kit] n. 1.括号2.（年龄、收入等的）等级段，档次3.壁架，托架 vt. 1.把...置于括号内 2.把...归入同一类 【例】Put your name in brackets at the top of each page. 把你的名字填写在每页上端的括号内。The worker fixed a bracket on the wall. 工人在墙上固定了一个支架。bracket a word 把一个字置于括弧内 be bracketed into groups 被分成几类 Smith and John were bracketed for the first prize. 史密斯和约翰同时被提名授予一等奖。Don't bracket them (together). 不要把他们相提并论。
brand [br<nd] n. 商标，（商品的）牌子 vt. 1.打烙印于，以烙铁打（标记）2.加污名于，谴责 【例】He has his own brand of humor. 他有他独特的幽默感。These frightful experiences are branded on his memory. 这些可怕的经历深深印入他的记忆。a brand of comedy that I do not care for. 我不喜欢的一种喜剧类型 Imagery of the war has branded itself into the national consciousness. 战争的印象深深地铭刻在人民的脑海里 his own brand of humor 他独特的幽默感 They branded him as a liar. 他们污蔑他为说谎的人。brand the lesson on one's mind 永远记住这个教训
breed [bri:d] n. 产种，品种 vi. 繁殖，产vt. 1.饲养，繁殖2.养育，培育3.酿成，产生 【同】class; race; produce; propagate 【例】Familiarity breeds contempt. 熟悉滋生轻蔑。I had bred a dozen of chickens. 我饲养了12只小鸡。Scholars are a quiet breed.学者们大都沉默寡言。bred-in-the-bone adj.根深蒂固的; 本性难移的 They breed fish in the reservoir. 他们在水库养鱼。War breeds misery and ruin. 战争带来苦难和破坏。
breeze [bri:z] n. 微风，轻风 vi. 飘然而行 【例】We are enjoying the cool breeze that comes from the lake. 我们享受着湖面上吹来的凉爽微风。She breezed along, smiling at everyone. 她轻盈地向前走去，对每个人都嫣然含笑。He ran for president and breezed in. 他竞选总统，结果轻而易举地获胜了。He breezed through the task. 他轻松地做完了这项工作。The exam was a breeze. 考试很容易过。She breezed through her exams. 她轻而易举地通过了考试。When he saw us, the master just breezed in and smiled. 主人看到我们后就轻快地走了过来微微一笑。

brilliant ['briliKnt] a. 1.光辉的，灿烂的 2.卓越的，杰出的 【同】bright; splendid; shining 【例】My most brilliant achievement was my ability to be able to persuade my wife to marry me. 我最辉煌的成就是说服妻子嫁给我的能力。(wo kuang faint~) Stars are brilliant in the clear night sky. 星星在晴朗的夜空闪亮。a brilliant mind; a brilliant solution to the problem. 一个聪慧的头脑；一个解决问题的出色的办法
brim [brim] n. 1.帽檐 2.（容器的）边，边缘 vi. 注满，充溢 【同】border; verge; boundary; margin 【例】If you cannot inspire a woman with love of you, full her above the brim with love of herself; all that runs over will be yours. 如果不能激起一位女子对你的爱，就用她对自己的爱盛满她吧。漫过边沿的那些都将属于你。He filled the cup to the brim. 他倒了满满一杯。He brimmed a cup with wine. 他斟满一杯酒。brimming over with joy 兴高采烈 Her eyes brimmed over with sympathetic tears. 她的眼睛里充满了同情的泪水。(when prome said that to me, my eyes brimmed over with tears). at the fountain's brim 在泉边 She was filled to the brim with happiness. 她非常幸福。(maybe I have been filled to the brim with happiness, who knows? tell me? ) We brim over with sympathy after she told us her sad story. 她告诉我们她的悲苦身世后, 我们对她深表同情。He brimmed a glass of beer and offered it to me. 他斟满了一杯啤酒给我喝
brisk [brisk] a. 1.轻快的，生气勃勃的 2.兴隆的，繁忙活跃的 3.寒冷而清新的 【同】quick; lively; active 【例】His brisk walking aroused our curiosity. 他轻快的步伐引起了我们的好奇。A brisk walk in cool weather is invigorating. 在凉爽的天气里轻松地散步令人心旷神怡。a brisk wind.徐风 a brisk tea. 可口的茶 The market brisked up. 市场兴旺起来。(wwenglish forum brisked up before I came. )
brittle ['britl] a. 1.易碎的，易损坏的 2.脆弱的，靠不住的 3.冷淡的，不友好的4.（声音）尖利的 【同】breakable; fragile; crisp 【例】Glasses and lasses are brittle ware. 玻璃和少女都是脆弱的东西。He has a brittle temper. 他脾气急。(me too. I have a brittle temper). Constant stress has made our nerves brittle. 我们长期处于紧张状态，神经已经吃不消了。a brittle disposition. 难以相处的性情 walnut brittle. 核桃薄脆糖 a brittle friendship 脆弱的友谊 brittle gayness 浅薄的情趣 a brittle promise 靠不住的诺言 She has a brittle temper.她动辄就要发脾气。(a brittle love?)
brochure ['brKuSK] n. 小册子,小册 a holiday brochure 假日指南 sales brochure 推广小册子, 宣传品 manufacturer's brochures 制造厂样本(小册子)
brutal ['bru:tl] a. 1.野兽般的，残忍的2.无情的，冷酷的，难以忍受的 【同】pitiless; harsh; unmerciful 【例】A brutal murderer killed ten people. 一个残忍的杀手杀死了几个人。Many a rich businessman reached the top by trampling on others in the most brutal way. 许多富商靠极其残酷地践踏别人而爬了上去。spoke with brutal honesty. 坦白地说 a brutal attack 残忍的攻击 a brutal criminal 一个凶残的犯人 the brutal truth残酷的事实
bubble ['bVbl] n. 泡，水泡，气泡 vi. 冒泡，起泡 【同】well; boil; foam; erupt 【例】Truth is tough. It will not break, like a bubble, at a touch; you may kick it about all day like a football, and it will be round the full at evening. 真理是坚韧的。它不会像水泡似的一触即破。你可以拿它当足球整天踢来踢去，到晚上它还会是圆鼓鼓的。One generation blows bubbles, and the next breaks them. 前一代人制造出来的空洞理论，下一代人把它们打破。The gas bubbled to the surface of the water. 气体变成气泡升上水面。He bubbled questions. 他接二连三地提问题。
budget ['bVdZit] n. 预算，预算拨款 vi. (for)编预算，作安排 vt. 规划，安排 a. 低廉的，收费公道的 【同】expenditure; expenses; accounts 【例】The only good budget is a balanced budget. 只有平衡的预算才是好的预算。The Chancellor of the Exchequer is expected to announce tax cuts in this year's budget. 人们期望财政大臣公布在本年度预算中削减税收。A family on a budget can't afford meat every day. 经济拮据的家庭不能每天享用肉食。With the limited budget, the government is unable to invest much money in education. 政府因预算有限，不能对教育进行大比投资。
buffet ['bVfit] n. 1.（火车站的）饮食柜台，（火车内的）餐车 2.自助餐 vt. 反复敲打，连续猛击 【例】We had a buffet supper last evening. 昨天晚上，我们吃了一次自助晚餐。The ship buffeted through the big waves. 这艘船在波涛中奋勇前进。flowers buffeted by rain and wind被风雨摧残的花朵
bug [bVg] n. 1.虫子2.小病，（机器等）故障，缺陷 3.窃听器 vt. 1.烦扰，纠缠2.在...装窃听器 【例】The police tested the room for bugs. 警察检查房间里是否放有窃听器。Our test flight was to discover the bugs in the new plane. 试验飞行是为了发现新飞机有何毛病。got bitten by the writing bug. 疯狂地迷上了写作 My eyes bugged when I saw the mess. 当看见这一片混乱时，我的眼睛睁大了a memory that bugged me for years. 一段折磨了我多年的记忆 Don't bug me please. 请不要打扰我。have a bug about sth. 热衷于某事 a bug on education 热衷于教育的人 a big bug [贬]大亨, 大人物, 要人bug-eyed adj. 眼球凸出的, 惊讶得瞠目结舌的

bulb [bVlb] n.电灯泡；球状物 【例】Onions and lilies grow from bulbs. 洋葱和百合是从球茎中长出的。
bulk [bVlk] n. 1.(巨大)物体, (大)块, (大)团 2.主体, 绝大部分 3.(巨大的)体积, (大)量 vi. 变得越来越大（或重要）vt. 使更大（或更厚） 【同】mass; quantity; extent 【例】I do not have a high opinion of the bulk of mankind. I feel that the irrational forces in man’s nature are so strong that the rational forces have little chance of success against them. 我对人类的大部分没有多高的评价。我觉得人怀中非理性的力量是如此强大，理性力量几乎没有战胜它们的可能。Do they charge carriage by bulk? 他们是否按体积计算运费？ The cake bulked up. 蛋糕发起来了。
bull [bul] n. 1.公牛，雄兽 2.买进证券（或商品等）投机图利者，（牟股市行情）看涨的人 【例】He likes to throw the bull. 他喜欢吹牛。
bulletin ['bulKtin] n. 1.（报纸、电台等）简明新闻，最新消息 2.公告，布告，公报3.学报，期刊（尤指某机构的机关刊物） 【同】notice; release; announcement 【例】The medical association publishes a bulletin each mouth. 该医学协会每月刊印一期会刊。He posted a bulletin on the board. 他在布告板上贴了一张公告。
bump [bVmp] vi. 1.(against, into)碰，撞2.颠簸着前进 n. 1.碰撞，猛撞 2.（碰撞造成的）肿块 3.隆起物 【同】knock; bang; collide; crash 【例】He who hesitates gets bumped from the rear. 迟疑不决者会从后面挨撞。I've bumped my knee on the wall. 我的膝盖撞上了墙壁。We bumped up and down along the gravel path. 我们沿砾石小路颠簸而行。He fell down with a bump. 他噗通一声倒了下去。She got a bump on her head. 她头上撞起了一个包。
bundle ['bVndl] n. 捆，包，束 vt. 收集，归拢，把...塞入 【例】He sold a bundle of old magazines to the second hand bookstore. 他把一捆就杂志卖给了旧书店。
bureau ['bjuKrKu] n. 局，办事处，分社 【例】He worked in a travel bureau. 他在一家旅行社工作。
bypass ['baipA:s] n. 1.（绕过市镇的）旁道，迂回道 2.分流术，旁通管 vt. 1.绕过，绕... 走2.越过，置...于不顾 【同】side route 【例】If we take the bypass, we will avoid the town center. 我们走旁道，就可以避开市镇中心。bypassed standard office procedures.忽视了办公室的工作规定
by-product ['bai,prOdKt] n.副产品; (意外或无心的)附带生成的结果

cabbage ['k<bidZ] n. 卷心菜，洋白菜 【例】I like to cook dishes with cabbage. 我喜欢用洋白菜做菜。cole油菜，cole seed油菜子。colon冒号。
cabinet ['k<binKt] n. 1.内阁2.贮藏橱，陈列柜 【例】The question was discussed in cabinet. 在内阁会议上讨论了这个问题。
cable ['keibl] n. 1.缆绳，钢索2.电缆3.（海底）电报 vt. 给...发电报，用电报传送 【例】A number of cables are needed in this project. 这项工程需要大量电缆。She cabled the good news about her arrival in Chicago. 她打电报说她已顺利到达芝加哥。
cafeteria [,k<fK'tiKriK] n. 自助餐馆，自助食堂
calculate ['k<lkjuleit] vt. 1.计算，核算 2.估计，推测 3.计划，打算 【例】The government has to calculate the likely effects on revenues of a big drop in the oil price. 政府必须估算出油价大幅度下降对财政收入可能产生的影响。The scientists calculated when the spacecraft would reach the moon. 科学家推算出宇宙飞船抵达月球的时间。The new regulations are deliberately calculated to make cheating impossible. 新的法规旨在杜绝诈骗行为。
calendar ['k<lindK] n. 日历，月历 【同】timetable; schedule; diary; list 【例】Life is not dated merely by years. Events are sometimes the best calendars. 生活不仅以年度计算，有时事是最好的历书。He put the desk calendar on the shelf. 他把台历放在书架上。
camel ['k<mKl] n. 骆驼 【例】The merchant decided to use camels to carry his goods across the desert. 商人决定用骆驼载运货物穿过沙漠。
canal [kK'n<l] n. 运河，沟渠 【例】Many oceangoing ships are sailing on the canal. 许多远洋船只在这条运河上航行。
candidate ['k<ndidKt] n. 1.申请求职者 2.投考者3.候选人 【例】There are three candidates for the vacancy. 这一空缺有三名候选人。
cannon ['k<nKn] n. 大炮，火炮

canoe [kK'nu:] n. 独木舟vi. 乘独木舟，划独木舟 【例】We crossed the lake in a canoe. 我们乘独木舟过河。
canteen [k<n'ti:n] n. (工厂、学校等的) 临时餐厅, 小卖部
canvas ['k<nvKs] n. 1.帆布 2.帆布画布，（帆布）油画 【同】a coarse cloth; tenting 【例】Love is a canvas furnished by nature and embroidered by imagination. 爱情是块得自天性、由想象力刺绣的画布。The artist showed me his canvases. 画家给我看了他的油画。
capacity [kK'p<siti] n. 1.容量，容积2.才能，能力3.身份，职位 【例】The lift has a capacity of 15 persons. 这部电梯的载容量为15 人。
capitalism ['k<pitKlizKm] n. 资本主义
capsule ['k<psju:l] n. 1.胶囊（剂）2.航天舱，密封舱 【例】The capsule is filled with small soluble cases. 胶囊里充满了可溶的小颗粒。This capsule is used for animals. 这个太空舱是用来装载动物的。
captive ['k<ptiv] a. 被俘虏的，被捕获的 n. 俘虏 【同】restrained; bound; restricted 【例】You are not free until you have been made captive by supreme. 在被至人的信仰俘获之前，你不是自由的。She was held captive for almost a month. 她被监禁了将近一个月。He remained a captive to her beauty. 他始终为她的美貌所迷惑。
carbon ['kA:bKn] n. 碳 【例】The stick of carbon is often used in an electric arc lamp. 碳精棒常用于电弧灯。I make a carbon copy of my documents. 我用复写纸复写文件。
career [kK'riK] n. 生涯，职业 【例】His early career was not a great success. 他早期的生涯并不很成功。
carrier ['k<riK] n. 1.运输公司，运输工具 2.带菌者 3.载重架，置物架 【例】He used to be a mail carrier. 他曾是个邮递员。

cartoon [kA:'tu:n] n. 1.漫画，幽默画2.动画片 【同】joke; ridicule; satire 【例】Children usually like cartoons. 孩子们通常都喜欢动画片。
cassette [kK'set] n. 盒式录音（或录像）带 【例】He bought a new cassette recorder. 他买了一台新的盒式录音机。
casual ['k<ZuKl] a. 1.漠不关心的，冷淡2.随便的，非正式的3.偶然的，碰巧的4.临时的，不定期的 【同】accidental; spontaneous; irregular 【例】As casual sheer reading-matter, I still find the English dictionary the most interesting books in our language. 作为纯粹随意浏览的读物，我还是觉得英语词典是以我们的语言写成的最有趣的书。She is casual about winning the prize. 她对获奖漫不经心。A casual newspaper reader wouldn't like articles on politics everyday. 不经心的报纸读者不会喜欢每天都有政论文章。
casualty ['k<ZuKlti] n. 1.伤亡人员，死伤者2.受害人，损失的东西
catalog ['k<tKlO:g] n. 1.目录（册）2.一系列 vt. 将...编入目录，将（书籍，资料等）编目 【例】You can look for the book in the library catalog. 你可以在图书馆的图书目录上查找这本书。Can you catalog all these books? 你能给所有这些书编目录吗？
category ['k<tigKri] n. 种类，类，类别
caution ['kO:Sn] n. 1.小心，谨慎2.注意（事项），警告 vt. 警告，劝...小心 【同】heed; attention; warning 【例】Of all forms of caution, caution in love is perhaps most fatal to true happiness. 在所有的谨慎中，爱情上的谨慎也许是对于真正的祝福最重要的一种。He told us to proceed with caution. 他要我们谨慎行事。I must caution you against the danger. 我必须告诫你应谨防危险。
cautious ['kO:SKs] a. 十分小心的，谨慎的 【例】He is cautious in his choice of words. 他措辞很谨慎。She is cautious of telling secrets. 她很谨慎，不会泄露秘密。
cellar ['selK] n. 1.地窖，地下室2.酒窖 【例】The plumber went down to the cellar to fix the leaky pipe. 管道工到地下室去修漏水的管子。
cement [si'ment] n. 1.水泥2.胶结材料 vt. 1.粘结，胶合2.巩固，使团结 【例】The floor has been cemented over. 地板上铺了一层水泥。Our object is to further cement trade relations. 我们的目标是进一步加强贸易关系。

census ['sensKs] n. 人口普查，统计 【同】official counting of all the people 【例】The population of China is nearly 1.3 billion according to the latest census. 根据最近一项人口普查，中国人口接近13亿。The census is taken one time every four years in our country. 我国每四年一次人口普查。
centigrade ['sentigreid] a. 摄氏的
centimetre ['senti,mi:tK] n. 厘米 【例】The boy is 150 centimetres tall. 这个男孩有150厘米高。He is 5 centimetres taller than her. 他比她高5公分。
certainty ['sK:tnti] n. 1.必然的事，确定的事实2.确信，确实 【例】I can't say with any certainty where I shall be next week. 我说不准下星期在什么地方。We have no certainty of success. 我们没有成功的把握。
challenge ['tS<lKndZ] n. 1.艰巨的任务2.怀疑，质问3.挑战，邀请比赛 vt. 1.反对，公然反抗2.向...挑战3.对...质疑，对...怀疑 【同】defy; question; claim 【例】If scientific discovery has not been an unalloyed blessing, if it has conferred on mankind the power not only to create but also to annihilate, it has at the same time provided humanity with a supreme challenge and a supreme testing. 如果科学发现不是纯粹的喜事，如果它赋予了人类不仅是创造还有毁灭的力量，它同时就向人性提出了最大的挑战和最大的考验。This career offers a challenge. 这份职业具有挑战性。They had challenged and beaten the best team in the world. 他们曾向世界上最强的球队挑战并将他们打败。Friends allow us to savor our success and our joys, comfort us in our challenging moments, and provide a mirror for us to learn more about ourselves. 朋友让我们品尝成功和喜悦的滋味，在我们面临挑战时安慰我们，让我们自我反省以更好地认识自己。Many professors encourage students to question and challenge their ideas. 很多教授鼓励学生对自己的观点提问并且提出挑战。
channel ['tS<nl] n. 1.频道2.[常pl.] 渠道，途径3.沟渠4.海峡，水道，航道 【例】Ships must follow the channel into the port. 船只必须沿航道进入港口。
chaos ['keiOs] n. 混乱，紊乱 【同】confusion; disorder; discord 【例】The burglar left the house in chaos. 盗贼走后，屋子里一片混乱。After the failure of the electricity supplies the city was in chaos. 电力供应中断，城市陷于混乱之中。
characteristic [,k<rKktK'ristik] a. 特有的，典型的 n. 特性，特征 【例】Sympathy is the feeling characteristic of mankind. 同情心是人类特有的感情。Ambition is a characteristic of all successful businessmen. 雄心勃勃是所有成功生意人的共同特点。
characterize ['k<rKktKraiz] vt. 1.成为...的特征，以...为特征2.描绘（人或物）的特性，描述 【同】designate; define; describe 【例】The rolling hills characterized this part of England. 丘陵是英格兰这一地区的主要特征。Your work is characterized by lack of attention to details. 你的工作特点是缺乏对细节的注意。He may be characterized as a man of hobbies. 他可以被称作是一个有癖好的人。

charity ['tS<riti] n. 1.救济金，施舍物2.[常pl.] 慈善团体，慈善事业3.宽大，宽容 【同】kindness; tolerance; compassion 【例】A bone to the dog is not charity. Charity is the bone shared with the dog, when you are just as hungry as the dog. 给狗一根骨头算不上仁慈。仁慈是在你跟狗一样饿时与狗分享的骨头。She regards his moral faults with charity. 她宽恕他的品行不端。She was always very generous in her charity. 她行善时总是很慷慨。
chart [tSA:t] n. 1.图，图表2.航图，海图 vt. 用图表表示，在图上表示 【例】Can you read the weather chart? 你能看懂气象图吗？ The pilot charted the plane's course. 飞行员制定了飞机的航线。
charter ['tSA:tK] n. 1.宪章，共同纲领 2.特许证，许可证3.(飞机、汽车等的)包租, 包机 vt. 包，租（飞机、汽车等）a. 包租的，租用的 【同】hiring of a bus (or ship) 【例】The company chartered 10 cars for the celebration of it foundation. 这个公司为庆祝其成立，包租了10 辆汽车。The holiday-makers chartered a boat to go fishing. 渡假者租了一艘船去钓鱼。The company was granted a charter trade in the occupied territory. 这家公司被授予特权，可以在被占领地区进行贸易活动。
chemical ['kemikl] a. 化学的n. 化学制品 【例】My major is the subject of chemical engineering. 我的专业是化学工程学。We are doing a chemical experiment. 我们正在做化学实验。
chemist ['kemist] n. 1.化学家2.药剂师，药商 【例】I bought aspirin at the chemist's on the corner. 我在大街拐角的药房买了阿司匹林。The famous chemist won the Nobel Prize. 那个著名的化学家赢得了诺贝尔奖。
cherish ['tSeriS] vt. 1.珍爱，珍视2.爱护，抚育3.抱有，怀有（希望、想法、感情等） 【同】value; esteem; love 【例】People who don’t cherish their elderly have forgotten where they came and where they go. 不敬老的人忘了自己从何处来，也忘了自己到何方去。One of our cherished privileges is the right of free speech. 我们所珍视的权利之一是言论自由。Never cherish a serpent in your bosom. 永远不要施恩于忘恩负义之人。
chestnut ['tSesnVt] n.栗子 【例】These chestnuts are of bright reddish-brown. 这些栗子是鲜亮的红褐色。
chew [tSu:] v. & n. 咀嚼，咬 【例】You must chew your food well before you swallow it. 食物吞下去之前先要细细咀嚼。I'll think about it while I have a chew. 我吃饭时会想想看。
childish ['tSaildiS] a.孩子的；幼稚的 【例】The little girl spoke in a high childish voice. 小女孩说话时声音尖尖的，带着童音。
chill [tSil] vt. 使变冷，使冷冻，使感到冷 1.寒冷，寒气2.风寒，寒战 【例】The night air chilled his bones. 夜间的寒气使他感到冰冷彻骨。The sight sent a chill to her heart. 这情景使她心寒。There was a chill in the air this morning. 今天早上有点冷冰冰的。

chin [tSin] n. 下巴，颏 【例】He was so fat that he had a double chin. 他胖得有双下巴了。
choke [tSKuk] v. 1.（使）窒息，呛 2.塞满，塞住 【同】smother; gasp; drown 【例】An old woman was found choked to death. 发现一个老妇人被掐死了。She choked with emotion. 她激动得说不出话来。
chorus ['kO:rKs] n. 1.合唱队 2.合唱，合唱曲 3.副歌，叠句 4 .齐声，齐声说的话（或发出的喊声）vt. 齐声说，随声附和 【例】The papers all chorused the praises of the President. 各报都异口同声地对总统表示赞扬。
chronic ['krOnik] a. 1.(疾病)慢性的，（人）久病的 2.长久的，不断的3.积习难改的 【同】persistent; constant; habitual 【例】The country has a chronic unemployment problem. 这个国家长期存在失业问题。My brother has chronic bronchitis. 我的哥哥患有慢性支气管炎。There is a chronic unemployment problem in America. 在美国存在长期失业问题。
circuit ['sK:kit] n. 1.电路，线路2.环行，环行道 【例】The rocket did one circuit of the earth and returned to base. 火箭绕地球运行一周后返回基地。
circular ['sK:kjulK] a. 1.圆形的，环行的 2.循环的，兜圈子的 n. 通知，通告 【例】The full moon has a circular form. 满月呈圆形。Stop giving me circular explanations and tell me what really happened. 别拐弯抹角地解释了，告诉我究竟发生了什么。
circulate ['sK:kjuleit] v. 1.（使）循环，（使）流通2.（使）流传，散布，传播 【例】Blood circulates through the body. 血液在体内循环。The news of her death circulated quickly. 她死去的消息迅速传开。Please open a window to allow the air to circulate. 打开窗子让空气流通。
circumference [sK:'kVmfKrKns] n.圆周，周长，圆周线 【例】The circumference of the earth is almost 25,000 miles. 地球的圆周长约为两万五千英里。
circus ['sK:kKs] n. 1.马戏，马戏团 2.喧闹的场面3.环形广场 【例】The children are trying to persuade their mother to allow them to go to the circus. 孩子们试图说服妈妈让他们去看马戏。
cite [sait] vt. 1.引用，引证2.传唤，传讯3.表彰，嘉奖 【同】summon; quote; mention 【例】The devil can cite Scripture for his purpose. 魔鬼为了他的目的也会引用圣经。He was cited for contempt of court. 他因蔑视法庭而被传讯。It's no use citing the Bible to somebody who doesn't believe in God. 对不信上帝的人引用圣经的话是没用的。The soldier was cited by the king for his bravery. 这士兵由于英勇而受到国王的褒扬。CalmSky was cited by wangwang for her efforts. LOL

civil ['sivKl] a. 1.公民（间）的，国内的2.平民的，文职的，民用的3.民事的，民法的4.文明的，有教养的 【例】Man is a civil creature. 人是社会动物。It was a civil case so there was no question of him being sent to prison. 这是一桩民事案件，因此他没有被送进监狱 的可能。
civilian [si'viliKn] n. 平民，百姓 【例】People are indignant by their shooting of innocent civilians. 对于他们枪杀无辜平民，人们感到义愤填膺。
civilize ['sivilaiz] vt. 使文明，使开化 【例】Many a rough man has been civilized by his wife. 许多粗野的男人在妻子的开导下变得文雅了。
clap [kl<p] vi. 拍手，鼓掌 vt. 拍，击 n. 拍手，鼓掌 【例】He gave me a clap on the back and invited me for a drink. 他在我背上拍了一下，请我去喝酒。She clapped her hands in delight. 她高兴地拍手。
clarity ['kl<rKti] n. 清楚，明晰
clash [kl<S] vi. 1.发生冲突2.不协调3.砰地相撞，发出刺耳的撞击声 n.1.冲突2.不协调3.（金属等的）刺耳撞击声 【同】collision; encounter; impact; conflict 【例】Hate is always a clash between our spirit and someone else’s body. 憎恨一向是我们的精神和别人的肉体的冲突。A border clash between the two armies started the war. 双方军队在边境的冲突引发了战争。The enemy armies clashed near the border. 敌军在边境附近发生冲突。The color of the curtains clashed with the color of the carpet. 窗帘的颜色和地毯的颜色不协调。She clashed the pan down on the stone floor. 她把炒锅当啷一声掉在石头地板上。
classical ['kl<sikl] a. 古典的，经典的 【例】I prefer classical music to pop music. 我喜欢古典音乐，不太喜欢流行音乐。Classical scientific ideas about light were changed by Einstein. 爱因斯坦改变了科学上关于光的传统观念。He is regarded as one of the classical composers in this century. 他被认为是本世纪第一流的作曲家之一。
classification [,kl<sifi'keiSn] n. 1.分类，分级2.类别，级别 【同】arrangement; ordering; order 【例】Which classification does this book belong to? 这本书属于哪个类别？
classify ['kl<sifai] vt. 把...分类，把...分级 【例】The books in the library are classified by subject. 图书馆的书是按科目分类的。Would you classify her novels as serious literature or other? 你认为她的小说属于文学类，还是其它类?
claw [klO:] n. 爪，脚爪 v. （用爪）抓，撕 【例】A hen's claw has three toes. 母鸡的脚爪有三个脚趾。Cats have sharp claws. 猫有锋利的爪子。The editor got his claws into the opposition in a vicious editorial. 那个编辑在一篇社论中恶毒地攻击了反对派。Anxiety clawed him. 忧虑撕裂他的心。

client ['klaiKnt] n. 委托人，当事人，顾客 【例】If a lawyer has plenty of clients, he grows rich. 律师如果有大量的诉讼委托人，就会财源不断。
cliff [klif] n. 悬崖，峭壁 【例】The man committed suicide by jumping off the cliff. 那人跳下悬崖自杀。
climate ['klaimKt] n. 1.气候，气候区2.风气，气氛 【同】weather; atmosphere 【例】In a happy marriage, it is the wife who provides the climate, the husband the landscape. 在幸福的婚姻中，提供气候的是妻子，而丈夫只是提供风景。Britain has a temperate climate. 英国气候温和。
climax ['klaim<ks] n. 高潮，最令人兴奋（或感兴趣）的部分 【例】The climax of the celebration was a firework display. 庆祝会的高潮是燃放烟火。The music approached a climax. 乐曲接近高潮。
cling ['kliN] 坚持，墨守;依靠 依恋 (to) 【同】adhere; stick; hold fast【例】The rich who are unhappy are worse off than the poor who are unhappy; for the poor, at least, cling to the hopeful illusion that more money would solve their problems —— but the rich know better. 不幸福的富人比不幸福的贫人更糟，因为穷人至少还紧抱着多些钱就会解决自己的问题这样充满希望的幻想──而富人知道事实并非如此。
clip [klip] n. 1.(弹簧)夹子, 回形针, 别针2.弹夹, 弹仓3.剪, 修剪4.剪报, 电影(或电视)片断 vt. 1.(用夹子、回形针等)夹住, 扣住2.剪, 修剪3.削减, 缩短 【例】The bus driver clipped our tickets to show we had used them. 公共汽车司机在我们的车票上打孔，标明使用过了。We clipped our visit by a week. 我们将访问缩短了一周。She wore a diamond clip on her new dress. 她在新衣服上戴了一枚钻石别针。
clockwise ['klOkwaiz] ad.& a. 顺时针方向地（的）
clue [klu:] n. 线索，提示 【同】sign; proof; evidence 【例】Appearances are not held to be a clue to the truth. 人们并不认为现象是真理的线索。
clumsy ['klVmzi] a. 1.笨拙的，粗陋的2.不得体的，不策略的 【同】inexpert; awkward; unskillful 【例】A clumsy artist is always wearing other’s glasses. 拙劣的艺术家总是戴着别人的眼镜。It's not easy walking in these clumsy shoes. 穿着这双笨重的鞋走路真难受。。
cluster ['klVstK] n. 1.（果实、花等的）串，簇2.（人、物等的）群，组 vi. 群集，丛生 vt. 使群集，集中 【例】You can see stars in clusters in the night sky. 你可以看到夜空中的星群。The men clustered together round the fire and sang songs. 人们聚集在篝火周围唱歌。

coarse [kO:s] a. 1.粗的，粗糙的 2.粗劣的 3.粗俗的 【同】rough; crude; unrefined 【例】His coarse manners shocked everyone. 他的粗鲁的举止使每个人震惊。
code [kKud] n. 1.准则，法规 2.密码，代码 vt. 把...编码 【例】I can break the code of this box. 我能破译这个箱子的密码。The Highway Code has been carried. 公路法规已经被执行。
coherent [kK'hiKrKnt] a. 1.条理清楚的，连贯的 2.一致的，协调的 【同】consistent; compatible; cooperative 【例】The sentences in a paragraph should be coherent. 段落中的句子应该具有连贯性。
coil [kOil] n. 1.（一）卷，（一）圈2.线圈 v. 卷，盘绕 【例】He passed me a coil of thread. 他递给我一卷线。She coiled her hair at the back of her head. 她把头发盘在脑后。The snake coiled itself around the tree. 蛇盘绕在树上。
coincide [,kKuin'said] vi. 1.同时发生 2.相符，相一致3.位置重合，重叠
coincidence [kKu'insidKns] n. 1.巧合，巧事2.（意见、爱好等的）一致，符合 【同】agreement; incident; chance 【例】We are in coincidence in habits. 我们习惯相同。What a coincidence! 多巧的事啊! By coincidence, we arrived here at the same time. 我们凑巧一同到达这儿。
collaborate [kK'l<bKreit] vi.协作，合作；协调
collective [kK'lektiv] a. 集体的，共同的 n. 团体，集体 【同】massed; cooperative; gathering 【例】Patriotism is a lively sense of collective responsibility. 爱国主义是一种生动的集体责任感。In a system of collective bargaining, the workers as a group negotiate with the managers of the company. 在劳资集体谈判制度下，工人作为一个团体同公司经理进行谈判。
collide [kK'laid] vi. 1.碰撞，互撞2.冲突，抵触
collision [kK'liZn] n. 1.碰撞2.冲突，抵触 【同】impact; conflict; encounter 【例】Football is not a contact sport. It is a collision sport. Dancing is a good example of a contact sport. 足球不是接触运动。它是冲撞运动。跳舞是接触运动的好例子。The liner is reported to have been in collision with an oil tanker. 据报道，这艘客轮与一艘油轮相撞。Five persons died during the collision between two buses. 5个人死于公共汽车相撞。

colonel ['kK:nl] n. 上校 【例】The colonel ordered their soldiers to gather on the deck. 上校命令士兵们在甲板上集合。
colonial [kK'lKuniKl] a. 殖民地的 【例】The new house he bought was colonial architecture. 他新买的房子是美国初期的建筑。
combat ['kOmb<t] n. 战斗，斗争，格斗 vt. 与...斗争，与...战斗 【同】battle; warfare; fight 【例】Virtue is a state of war, and to live in it we have always to combat with ourselves. 美德是一种战争状态。要生活于美德之中就得不断与自我作战。The ship is combating the wind and waves. 那只船正与风浪搏斗。He is an expert in unarmed combat. 他是徒手格斗的能手。
comedy ['kOmKdi] n. 1.喜剧2.喜剧性（事件） 【同】drama; entertainment; sensation 【例】Comedy, we may say, is society protecting itself. 可以说，喜剧是社会在保护自己。He prefers comedies to tragedies. 他比较喜欢喜剧而不太喜欢悲剧。There is not much comedy in modern war. 现代战争并不是好玩的事。
commemorate [kK'memKreit] vt. 纪念，庆祝 【同】honor; celebrate 【例】We commemorate the founding of our nation with a public holiday. 我们必须放假一天以庆祝国庆。Christmas commemorates the birth of Christ. 圣诞节是为了纪念耶酥的诞生。A monument was built to commemorate the victory. 为了纪念胜利，建造了一座纪念碑。
commence [kK'mens] v. 开始 【同】start; originate; begin; enter upon 【例】When a couple of young people strongly devoted to each other, commence to eat onions, it is safe to pronounce them engaged. 当一对相互恋爱的年轻人开始吃洋葱时，说他们订了婚准不会错。The second term commences in March. 第二学期自三月开始。
commend [kK'mend] vt. 1.表扬，称赞2.推荐 【同】praise; entrust; promote; laud 【例】His work was highly commended. 他的工作备受赞赏。Approve not of him who commends all you say. 不要称许对你的话句句赞扬的人。
comment ['kOment] n. 1.评论，意见2.闲话，议论 vt. 评论 【例】He made several favorable comments about their candidate. 他对他们的候选人发表了一些有利的评论。The minister refused to comment on the rumors of his resignation. 部长拒绝就他辞职一事的传闻发表评论。
commercial [kK'mK:Sl] a. 1.商业的，商务的2.商品化的，商业性的 n. 商业广告 【例】New York is a big commercial city. 纽约是一座大的商业城市。
commission [kK'miSn] n. 1.委员会2.佣金，回扣3.授权，委托 vt. 委任，委托 【同】commitment; authorization; duty 【例】Advertising agency, eighty-five percent confusion and fifteen percent commission. 广告代理公司：百分之八十五的糊涂加上百分之十五的佣金。He has secured two commissions to design buildings for a local authority. 他已承包两项为当地政府设计建筑物的业务。

commit [kK'mit] vt. 1.犯（错误、罪行等）干（蠢事、坏事等）2.(oneself)使承担义务，使承诺3.(to)把...托付给，把...置于4.调拨...供使用，拨出 【例】She committed herself to philanthropy. 她专心从事慈善事业。The girl was committed to the care of an aunt. 这女孩被交给姨母照顾。He would not commit himself in any way. 他不愿做出任何承诺。
commonplace ['kOmKnpleis] a. 普通的，平庸的 n. 寻常的事物，平庸的东西 【同】usual; conventional; common 【例】He is not at all exceptional; in fact, he’s really rather commonplace. 他毫不出奇实际上平庸的很。
commonsense ['kOmKn'sens] n.常识
commonwealth ['kOmKnwelT] n. 1.[the C-] 英联邦 2.联邦，联合体
communicate [kK'mju:nikeit] vi. 1.交流，交际，通讯 2.连接，相通 vt. 1.传达，传播2.传染 【例】He has communicated his wishes to me. 他已经把他的愿望告诉了我。I can't communicate with them; the radio doesn't work. 我无法和他们联系，无线电坏了。The door communicates with my room. 这门和我的房间相通。As soon as a child becomes old enough to communicate with other children, he begins having friends, who sometimes influence him more rapidly than families do.当一个孩子长到足以和其他人交流时，他开始交朋友，这些朋友有时比家庭对他影响更快。
communication [kK,mju:ni'keiSn] n. 1.交流，交际，通讯 2.[pl.] 通信（或交通）工具，交通联系 【例】I am in communication with him on this subject. 关于这问题，我正和他交换意见。Radio and television are important means of communication. 无线电和电视是重要的通信手段。
commute [kK'mju:t] vi. 乘公交车上下班，经常乘车（或船等）往返于两地 vt. 1.减（刑）2.折合，折偿 n. 上下班交通
compact ['kOmp<kt] a. 1.紧凑的，小巧 2.紧密的，坚实的 vt. 把...压实（或塞紧），使坚实 n. 契约，合同 【同】compressed; impenetrable 【例】Stamp the soil down so that it compacts. 把泥土踩结实。He received a compact package. 他收到一个扎得很紧的包裹。
comparable ['kOmpKrKbl] a. (with, to)1.可比较的，类似的 2.比得上的 【同】corresponding; alike; equivalent 【例】The quality of the commodity in this store is comparable to that in the other stores. 这个商店的商品质量可以和其他商店的商品相媲美。A comparable car would cost far more abroad. 类似的车子在国外要贵的多。His handwriting is not bad, but it's hardly comparable with yours. 他的书法不错，但是很难和你的相比。
comparative [kKm'p<rKtiv] a. 比较的，相对的 【例】He majored in comparative literature. 他的专业是比较文学。

compartment [kKm'pA:tmKnt] n. 1.卧车包房（客车车厢内的）隔间 2.分隔的空间 【例】The first-class compartments are in the front of the train. 头等车室在列车的前面。This is a case with separate compartments for shoes, jewelry, etc. 这是一个分格存放鞋、珠宝等的箱子。
compatible [kKm'p<tKbl] a. 1.兼容的 2.和和睦相处的，合得来的 【同】harmonious; cooperative; harmonious 【例】This printer is compatible with most microcomputers. 这台打印机与大多数微型电子计算机都兼容。
compel [kKm'pel] vt. 强迫，迫使 【同】enforce; constrain; force 【例】